Most of the techniques used in corn are based on segmented harvesting, that is, after the corn plants are cut down manually, they are transported to the silage facility with animal power or other transportation machinery, and then manually transported to the hay cutter, and then processed and chopped. Load into silage facility for silage. The main feature of this harvesting process is that the entire operation is completed in several stages and is mainly operated manually. The labor intensity is high, the production efficiency is low, and the silage process generally requires ~. The combined harvesting process uses a dedicated green fodder harvester to complete operations such as cutting, transporting, chopping and loading the chopped materials into the feed trailer in the field at one time. The trailer loads the feed into the silage facility, and after compaction and sealing, the entire corn silage process is completed. Compared with the staged harvesting process. The combined harvesting process has outstanding advantages. First, the production efficiency is greatly improved. Second, the operating cost is greatly reduced. Currently, there are many types of green fodder harvesters produced at home and abroad. According to the way it is connected with power equipment, it can be divided into traction type, suspended type and self-propelled type. According to the production capacity of the machine, it can be divided into low productivity models. The supporting power power is left and right medium productivity models, and the supporting power power is ~ High productivity models generally have power above. When choosing a corn harvester, you must consider factors such as the amount of silage produced, the requirements for silage quality, the number and power of existing supporting machines, and the climatic conditions during the silage harvest period. At present, there are at least three models of corn and green fodder harvesters available in China. In terms of silage technical requirements. In order to ensure the quality of green fodder and reduce the loss of nutrients, the silage process should be shortened as much as possible, so it is more reasonable to choose a high-productivity model. According to my country's current rural economic and technical conditions, it is appropriate to use a silage harvester with medium productivity of ~~ to prepare corn silage. Such as domestically produced and different models. This type of machine is powered by Tieniu tractor, adopts side and rear suspension, and comes with its own feed trailer. It can not only harvest the whole corn plant (or stems and leaves) in the field, but can also be used as a fixed working machine in the farmland or near silage facilities to process corn, sorghum, sunflower and other crop straws. The shredding quality can meet the requirements of livestock feeding. Require. The production efficiency is high and it is a high-efficiency and low-consumption work tool. In order to balance the quality and nutritional content of the feed, it is best to mix the easy-to-silage forage with high sugar content and the protein-rich leguminous grass that is not easy to silage. The proportion of silage should be silage or leguminous. . According to the size of the silage, select appropriate silage equipment and clean it before use to remove dirt, remaining raw materials, etc. The areas where the soil has fallen off should be repaired. The moisture content of the silage raw materials shall be the standard, and any deficiency shall be added to the required amount. For example, water-containing corn stalks need to be added with water during silage (to prevent the silage from spoiling before it is filled and sealed. Even large-scale silage must be filled within it. At present, many farmers have generally established large ponds, and the sealed ponds cannot be filled on the same day. Even exposure to the air for several days allows spoilage bacteria to quickly decompose the nutrients in the raw materials under aerobic conditions, causing the raw materials to become moldy and deteriorate, reducing the quality of the silage. Second, compaction. The more compact the silage, the better, large-scale The cellar is compacted mechanically. Areas that cannot be compacted must be compacted manually. Use plastic bags to pack silage to avoid damage to the plastic bags. Once the silage is filled, it should be sealed immediately. Small bags of silage should be tied tightly with a rope. For silage in small containers such as sand tanks, use a plastic film to seal the upper opening of the silage tightly. If there is no air leakage, you can silage into a large silage cellar. Cover and seal with a plastic film and then cover it with a layer of reed mats, straw mats, etc., and then cover it with soil. Yes. Different raw materials, different environmental conditions, and different nutrient composition ratios will result in different silage maturation times. Generally speaking, raw materials with high sugar content that are easy to silage should have a shorter silage time. Generally speaking, raw materials with a high sugar content and easy silage will have a shorter silage time. Generally speaking, the silage will be hard and difficult to silage. The raw material silage time is longer, usually ranging from to months. At present, there are many types of green fodder harvesters produced at home and abroad. According to the way they are connected to the power equipment, they can be divided into traction type, suspended type and self-propelled type. The production capacity of the machine can be divided into low productivity models, the supporting power power is about medium productivity models, the supporting power power is ~ high productivity models, the supporting power power is generally above. When choosing a corn harvester, you must consider making silage The amount of feed, the requirements for silage quality, the number and power of existing supporting machines, the climatic conditions during the silage harvest period and other factors. At present, there are at least three models of corn and green fodder harvesters available in China. From silage In terms of technical requirements. In order to ensure the quality of green fodder and reduce the loss of nutrients, the silage process should be shortened as much as possible, so it is more reasonable to choose a high-productivity machine
The raw materials should be crushed and cut into short lengths before silage. The purpose is ① It facilitates compaction and eliminates the air in the middle of the material. ② Increases the contact area between the inoculant and the material, which is conducive to the rapid reproduction of bacteria. ③ Makes the juice in the raw material fully seep out and moistens the surface of the raw material, which is conducive to the rapid growth of microorganisms in the starter culture. , improve the quality of silage. The degree of shredding of raw materials should be determined according to the type of livestock fed and the quality of the raw materials. Generally, green raw materials with high water content can be cut longer, and the forage fed to large livestock can be cut longer. Raw materials with low moisture content and relatively hard texture can be cut into finer pieces or beaten into fine powder. Generally, the length of storage material is cut to ~. Different raw materials, different environmental conditions, different nutritional component ratios, and the maturity time of silage Different. Generally speaking, raw materials with high sugar content that are easy to silage should be siled for a shorter time, and raw materials with a hard texture that are not easy to silage should be siled for a longer time, usually ranging from 1 to 3 months.
2. The key to the success of making silage
The material must have a certain moisture content. Generally, the moisture content of the raw materials for making silage should be kept at, below or above this moisture content, it will not be easy to silage. If the moisture content is high, bran must be added to absorb water. If the moisture content is low, add water.
The ingredients must have a certain sugar content. Generally, it is required that the sugar content of raw materials should not be less than 1.
The storage process should be fast. The most effective way to shorten the silage time is to do it quickly. Generally, the silage process in small farms should be completed within days. This requires quick collection, quick transportation, quick cutting, quick loading, quick stepping, and quick sealing.
Real. When loading the cellar, the silage material must be compacted and the air in the material must be discharged as much as possible. Do not ignore the corners and create an anaerobic environment as much as possible.
Seal. The silage container must not leak water or air. Be sure to pay attention to the maintenance work the day after tomorrow.
Silage can be made successfully as long as you master the water, sugar, speed, solidity and density.
What aspects should be paid attention to when feeding silage to livestock?
When taking silage from a rectangular silage pit, you should gradually take it from one end. Do not make holes and dig out the core to avoid long-term exposure of the surface and affect the quality of the silage. Once the silage cellar is opened, it must be used continuously every day without interruption, so that the silage can be fed before the mold can fully multiply. If feeding is stopped midway and the interval is long, the cellar must be covered and sealed tightly according to the original cellar sealing method to ensure that it is airtight and watertight. Take as much as you use every day and cover it with a straw mat or plastic film promptly after use.
Silage is suitable for all kinds of livestock and poultry, and they generally like to eat it. However, some livestock have to get used to it when they first use it, so they must be fed from less to more and gradually increase.
Although silage is good, it is only used as part of the roughage. In terms of dry matter, the dosage accounts for more than the dry matter of the diet. Because it has a laxative effect, the feeding amount of pregnant females should be controlled. The amount of feeding cannot be generalized, and should also depend on the quality of silage, type of livestock, age, and production direction.
(Taking cattle as an example, the daily feeding amount of lactating cows is kilograms per kilogram of body weight.
The corn stalk harvester is a machine used to harvest corn stalks according to agronomic requirements when the corn is mature or close to maturity. Agricultural machinery. A new type of agricultural machinery researched and developed for the development of new energy and reducing the labor intensity of farmers. It is a low-priced agricultural machinery suitable for the popularization of small four-wheelers in rural areas and can harvest corn stalks when equipped with it. It shortens the time for farmers Friend's labor cycle frees people from heavy manual labor.
>Working principle of corn straw recycling machine
It mainly consists of cutting pole device, conveying device, hydraulic lift, etc. During operation, the machine moves along the The corn ridge moves forward, and the cutter cuts off the corn stalks.
The straw is output through the upper, middle and lower conveyor chains in the right direction and placed naturally to complete the harvest.
The driver is responsible for the separation of power. Operate the tractor's hydraulic lifting system and lift the main engine to the resting position. The two V-belts will stop rotating, cut off the power input of the diesel engine, realize power separation, and the conveyor belt will stop rotating. Vice versa. In working rotation state.
>Installation and debugging of corn stalk recovery machine
Check whether the front bumper of the tractor is level. If it is not level, correct it first and then install the lifting frame.
Put the lifting frame on Install it on the tractor's bumper, then use a pressure plate to tighten it with screws, then connect one end of the two inclined flat irons to the lifting frame, and the other end to the connecting seat welded to the tractor beam. Ensure that the machine It has good stability.
The connection between the main machine and the lift is through four clamps on the main machine and two front supports on the lower part of the lifting frame. The two clamps on the upper part of the lifting frame are then connected by four cylindrical pins. Two movable lifting plates connect the main machine and the lifting frame together.
The diesel engine and harvester reducer are connected to two V-belts. After installation, do not press the tensioning wheel too tightly. Under normal harvesting conditions , as long as there is no slippage of the V-belt.
After the assembly is completed, it should be run at idle for 10 minutes and then at high speed for 10 minutes. After checking that there are no abnormalities in each component, you can work in the field.
The adjustment of the cutting height is This is achieved by adjusting the screw of the lifting frame. Before harvesting, first adjust it to touch the soil ground, then lock the screw and perform a trial cut to see if the cutting condition is suitable. If not, adjust it again to meet the requirements. Harvesting can begin.
Since the harvester is conveyed on the right side, when harvesting in the field, the harvesting method to improve efficiency is to harvest in circles around the field.
The cutter is made of alloy steel. After being used for a period of time, Especially after being used on sandy soil, the cutting edge will become dull due to wear and tear. At this time, the cutting edge should be ground with a portable grinder to save energy during harvesting. However, when sharpening the cutting edge, prevent overheating and dripping water to cool down. Reduce the durability of the cutting edge.
>Operation requirements for corn stalk recovery machines
Corn harvesters should not be used on plots with a ground slope greater than ten degrees
The turning speed of the corn harvester must not exceed /
Correctly adjust the working height for returning straw to the field. The stubble height should be greater than 100 to avoid damaging the cutter
Before harvesting, check whether the reduction box is short of oil. If it is short of oil, add oil in time and add drops of lubrication after working for a period of time. Oil.
Hebei Baoding wheat straw recycling machine upgraded model